Suspend Honduras from CAFTA, Dominican leader says
Santo Domingo, Aug 26 (EFE).- Dominican President Leonel Fernandez said here Wednesday that Honduras should be suspended from the U.S.-Central America trade accord until the de facto regime in Tegucigalpa agrees to reinstate ousted President Mel Zelaya.
Denying the post-coup government the benefits of DR-CAFTA, which links the United States, the Dominican Republic and five Central American nations, is an "infallible formula" for resolving the Honduran crisis, Fernandez said.
Suspend Honduras from the trade pact "and President Zelaya returns in two or three weeks," the Dominican head of state said during a speech in Santo Domingo.
He offered the proposal after noting that the United States announced Tuesday a temporary suspension of the issuance of all but immigrant and emergency visas for Hondurans, a move apparently targeting the mainly affluent supporters of the de facto regime.
Fernandez lamented the failure of efforts by the Organization of American States to convince the post-coup government led by Roberto Micheletti to accept the return of Zelaya.
A delegation of OAS foreign ministers visited Honduras this week in an ultimately fruitless bid to persuade Micheletti to accept the San Jose Accord, a set of proposals put forward by Costa Rican President Oscar Arias in his capacity as mediator.
Arias' plan calls for Zelaya to return and serve out his term, which ends in January 2010, and for a political amnesty that would protect both the coup plotters and the ousted head of state, accused of various offenses by the Micheletti regime.
Zelaya would head a national unity government and the general elections now scheduled for Nov. 29 would be moved up to October.
"We are not facing a problem only of Honduras, but of all of the Americas and of the world," Fernandez said Wednesday, warning that if allowed to stand, the coup in Tegucigalpa could spur a "cascade of collapses of democratic governments."
He said that such a development would mark a regression compared with "all we have achieved in 30 years."
"Never before have we witnessed a period of three consecutive decades of democracy" in Latin America, Fernandez said. "What we are asking for is a return to the constitutional order and democracy."
The Micheletti government says Zelaya's ouster was not a coup, insisting that the soldiers who dragged him from the presidential palace on June 28 were simply enforcing a Supreme Court ban on the president's planned non-binding plebiscite on the idea of revising the constitution.
While the coup leaders accuse Zelaya of seeking to extend his stay in office, any potential constitutional change to allow presidential re-election would not have taken place until well after the incumbent stepped down. EFE
Top Honduran military lawyer: We broke the law
In an interview with The Miami Herald and El Salvador's elfaro.net, army attorney Col. Herberth Bayardo Inestroza acknowledged that top military brass made the call to forcibly remove Zelaya -- and they circumvented laws when they did it.
It was the first time any participant in Sunday's overthrow admitted committing an offense and the first time a Honduran authority revealed who made the decision that has been denounced worldwide.
''We know there was a crime there,'' said Inestroza, the top legal advisor for the Honduran armed forces. ``In the moment that we took him out of the country, in the way that he was taken out, there is a crime. Because of the circumstances of the moment this crime occurred, there is going to be a justification and cause for acquittal that will protect us.''
Zelaya was ousted in a predawn raid at his house Sunday after he vowed to defy a court order that ruled a nonbinding referendum to be held that day illegal. The leftist wealthy rancher had clashed with the attorney general, the Supreme Court, Congress and the military he commanded.
But instead of being taken to court to stand trial for abuse of power and treason, the military swept him out of bed at gunpoint and forced him into exile.
Inestroza described weeks of mounting pressure, in which a president who was viewed as allied with Venezuela's Hugo Chávez used soldiers as ''political tools.'' The attorney general's office had ordered Zelaya's arrest, and the Supreme Court, Inestroza said, ordered the armed forces to carry it out.
So when the powers of state united in demanding his ouster, the military put a pajama-clad Zelaya on a plane and sent him to Costa Rica. The rationale: Had Zelaya been jailed, throngs of loyal followers would have erupted into chaos and demanded his release with violence.
''What was more beneficial, remove this gentleman from Honduras or present him to prosecutors and have a mob assault and burn and destroy and for us to have to shoot?'' he said. ``If we had left him here, right now we would be burying a pile of people.''
This week, Deputy Attorney General Roy David Urtecho told reporters that he launched an investigation into why Zelaya was removed by force instead of taken to court. Article 24 of Honduras' penal code will exonerate the joint chiefs of staff who made the decision, because it allows for making tough decisions based on the good of the state, Inestroza said.
U.S. State Department lawyers are studying whether the action is legally considered a military coup, even though the person who was constitutionally next in line took power.
Inestroza acknowledged that after 34 years in the military, he and many other longtime soldiers found Zelaya's allegiance to Chávez difficult to stomach. Although he calls Zelaya a ''leftist of lies'' for his bourgeoisie upbringing, he admits he'd have a hard time taking orders from a leftist.
Memories of the 1980s fight against guerrilla insurgents are still fresh in Honduras.
''We fought the subversive movements here and we were the only country that did not have a fratricidal war like the others,'' he said. ``It would be difficult for us, with our training, to have a relationship with a leftist government. That's impossible. I personally would have retired, because my thinking, my principles, would not have allowed me to participate in that.''
And if Zelaya comes back, he'll have to retire anyway.
''I will resign and leave the country, and so would most of the military,'' Inestroza said. ``They would come after us and the other political leaders who were involved in this.''
Zelaya has said he will try to stage a brazen comeback on Sunday. The Organization of American States' secretary general, José Miguel Insulza, arrives in Tegucigalpa Friday to try to lay the groundwork for Zelaya's return. Insulza refuses to meet any member of the new administration led by the former head of Congress, Roberto Micheletti.
''I am 54 years years old,'' Inestroza said. ``I left my youth, my adolescence and part of my adulthood here -- an entire lifetime. You should understand it's very difficult for someone who has dedicated his whole life to a country and an institution to see, from one day to another, a person who is not normal come and want to change the way of life in the country without following the steps the law indicates.''
U.S. limits visas in Honduras, stepping up pressure
By Arshad Mohammed and Anthony Boadle
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The United States said on Tuesday it will temporarily restrict issuing U.S. visas in Honduras, raising pressure on the government that took power after a June 28 coup to step down.
The State Department, which has repeatedly condemned the military coup that ousted President Manuel Zelaya, said that from Wednesday it would only provide visa services to potential immigrants and emergency cases at its embassy in Tegucigalpa.
The Obama administration has urged Honduran authorities to accept proposals put forward by Costa Rican President Oscar Arias, whose efforts to end the crisis have stalled over the de facto government's refusal to allow Zelaya to return to power.
The San Jose accord proposed last month by the Nobel Peace Prize winner would have allowed Zelaya to return to office until elections are held by the end of November.
U.S. State Department spokesman Ian Kelly said the visa decision was intended to reinforce an Organization of American States' delegation that landed in Honduras on Monday to try to persuade the de facto government to accept the Arias' plan.
"In support of this mission and as a consequence of the de facto regime's reluctance to sign the San Jose accord, the U.S. Department of State is conducting a full review of our visa policy in Honduras," Kelly said in a written statement.
"As part of that review, we are suspending non-emergency, non-immigrant visa services in the consular section of our embassy in Honduras, effective August 26," Kelly added. "We firmly believe a negotiated solution is the appropriate way forward and the San Jose Accord is the best solution."
A U.S. official who spoke on condition of anonymity told reporters the visa decision was "a signal of how seriously we are watching the situation" and said Washington was considering other steps though it was premature to disclose these.
Another U.S. official who spoke on condition of anonymity said the visa suspension would chiefly hit Honduran tourists and business people, although he noted that most of these already have multiple entry visas that are still valid.
RESISTING PRESSURE
The de facto government, which has resisted pressure from Western hemisphere governments and international bodies to reinstate Zelaya, vowed on Tuesday to stick to a plan to hold a presidential election in November, even if other countries don't recognize the result.
"There will be elections whether they are recognized or not," the country's caretaker leader Roberto Micheletti told foreign ministers from the region on a visit with Organization of American States chief Jose Miguel Insulza.
They included ministers from Argentina, Canada, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama and the Dominican Republic.
Micheletti said his country could survive any economic sanctions imposed over his refusal to allow Zelaya's return.
"We are not afraid of anyone's embargo," Micheletti told the ministers. "This country can get by without your support."The Honduran crisis has divided Washington. Earlier this month, 16 Democratic Congressmen wrote to Obama urging him to freeze the assets of coup leaders. But a group of Republican senators has sought to hold up confirmation of State Department appointments due to the administration's support for Zelaya, an ally of Venezuela's leftist president Hugo Chavez.
Advocacy group Human Rights Watch on Tuesday urged the international community, and the United States in particular, to ratchet up pressure on the de facto government in light of a report documenting abuses against Zelaya's supporters.
The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights said on Friday that four people had been shot dead in protests since the June 28 coup. It also criticized more than 3,500 arbitrary arrests aimed at silencing protests.
The United States, a long-time ally of Honduras and the country's top trading partner, has suspended some military aid, but the Obama administration has resisted imposing more far-reaching sanctions, citing the detrimental impact they could have on the country's struggling economy.
"The U.S. government, in particular, could play a key role through the use of carefully targeted sanctions," said HRW director for the Americas, Jose Miguel Vivanco.
Vivanco said the Obama administration should directly target members of the de facto government by denying them access to the U.S. banking system and targeting private companies associated with these officials.
(Additional reporting by Gustavo Palencia in Tegucigalpa; Writing by Arshad Mohammed; Editing by Cynthia Osterman)
| ||||
La crisis por la que atraviesa Honduras deteriorará la situación económica para este año, según los resultados de la "Encuesta Trimestral sobre Perspectivas Económicas: Junio 2009" realizada por técnicos del Banco Central de Honduras (BCH). Tras la salida del presidente constitucional, Manuel Zelaya, el pasado 28 de junio por un golpe de Estado, el desequilibrio económico ha sido evidente, debido al daño en las relaciones con las naciones del mundo. Honduras ha visto la espalda, económicamente hablando, de muchos países claves que no están de acuerdo con régimen de facto de Roberto Micheletti. Un ejemplo de esto es el corte del suministro de crudo por parte del gobierno del presidente venezolano Hugo Chávez que estaba enmarcado en el acuerdo de Petrocaribe, medida que se asumió como una acción contundente de protesta en contra del golpe de Estado. Otro de los declives económicos que ha percibido esa nación es la baja en la exportación hacia Estados Unidos -principal socio comercial- y la suspensión de préstamos vitales provenientes de organismos como el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) y el Banco Mundial (BM). El sondeo fue ejecutado entre 52 personas naturales y jurídicas, de las cuales el 88.5 por ciento cree que la crisis tendrá secuelas en el crecimiento económico, derivada de la debacle en la inversión tanto pública como privada. A su vez, el 7.7 por ciento desconoce la situación y sólo un 3.8 por ciento, opina que no existirá repercusión alguna. Con respecto a la situación político-económica que atraviesa el país se le preguntó a los encuestados sobre la posibilidades para invertir. El 46.1 por ciento respondió que es mal momento, mientras que un 30.8 por ciento expresó que no está seguro y el restante 23.1 por ciento considera que es buen momento. De las opciones presentadas como los principales factores que limitan el crecimiento del PIB, destacan la desaceleración en la economía de Estados Unidos con 22.8 por ciento, la inseguridad social y jurídica con 20.2 por ciento, la baja inversión pública con 17.5 por ciento y la privada con 5.8 por ciento. La falta de una política de planificación por parte del gobierno obtuvo 14 por ciento. Entre las actividades económicas que se han visto afectadas por este cambio se encuentra el sector de la construcción que reflejó una fuerte caída de 28.3 por ciento en el primer semestre de 2009, ésto según cifras del Banco Central de Honduras.
|
GARZÓN DICE QUE ES “EVIDENTE” EL RIESGO PARA LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS EN HONDURAS
Agosto 26, 2009 — mysteryhondurasEFE
Tegucigalpa.- El juez español Baltasar Garzón dijo hoy que “es evidente” la situación de riesgo de los derechos humanos en Honduras, después del golpe de Estado contra el presidente Manuel Zelaya.
En rueda de prensa, Garzón indicó que en Honduras ha podido “ver a personas con fracturas de clavículas, manos, golpes en rostro, cuerpo, relatos de líderes políticos que están siendo perseguidos, amenazados”.
Agregó que no señalaría “quién o quiénes” son los responsables de esos delitos, pero que las autoridades tienen “la obligación ineludible de atender y proteger al máximo el principio de igualdad ante la ley”.
“Creo que no se está respetando y lo digo con todo respeto hacia las instituciones hondureñas”, dijo.
En opinión de Garzón, quien llegó el domingo a Honduras invitado a participar en un foro auspiciado por organismos de derechos humanos, “el sistema judicial que existía antes, durante y después del golpe de Estado, debe de responder en forma independiente ante las demandas que los ciudadanos están produciendo”.
Garzón resaltó que lo que ocurra en Honduras o cualquier país en materia de violaciones a los derechos humanos “se refleja en la comunidad internacional”.
“Honduras no es un país único en el mundo, que no engañen aquellos que afirman que a nadie le interesa lo que aquí sucede, que no crean que dicen verdad aquellos que afirman que no tenemos nada que hacer aquí aquellos que somos de afuera. Cuando se trata de defensa de derechos humanos, no hay fronteras”, advirtió Garzón.
Acompañaron a Garzón en la rueda de prensa el secretario general de la Federación Internacional de Derechos Humanos, Luis Guillermo Pérez, y Manuel Ollé, presidente de la Asociación Pro Derechos Humanos de España.
Pérez indicó que en Tegucigalpa se han reunido con representantes de diversos sectores, incluso autoridades judiciales, para conocer sobre lo que ha ocurrido en Honduras tras el golpe de Estado a Zelaya, el 28 de junio pasado.
Agregó que han constatado “un deterioro de la situación de derechos humanos” en el país, marcado por la “persecución política sistemática generalizada contra todos aquellos partidarios del presidente Zelaya, o que protestan o se movilizan contra el golpe de Estado”.
Esa represión, según Pérez, tiene diferentes formas de desarrollarse, en las que intervienen diversos órganos del Estado, sectores privados y medios de comunicación.
Pérez afirmó que “hay una ausencia de los organismos de control del Estado que asegure que se investiguen oportunamente esas violaciones”, y que eso “motiva una sensación de parte de estos sectores sociales vulnerables afectados en su derecho de estar absolutamente inermes ante el Estado”.
Agregó que ya se han dirigido a la Corte Penal Internacional (CPI) siete comunicaciones sobre violaciones a los derechos humanos, “en particular de crímenes de lesa humanidad” que podrían ser de competencia de ese tribunal, aunque no precisó detalles.
Ollé, por su parte, expresó que esperan que las autoridades juzguen hechos como “detenciones arbitrarias, lesiones a la vida, lesiones físicas torturas y a la libertad de expresión”, y den curso “con máxima celeridad, garantías y respeto al debido proceso”, a todas las denuncias que se han presentado.
“Si se garantiza la impunidad, será un crimen internacional que afectará a toda la comunidad internacional”, indicó Ollé, al agregar que en ese caso los casos se trasladan a la CPI u otra instancia internacional en base al “principio de justicia universal”.
Revelan registros del Senado: Jorge Canahuati, Camilo Atala y Jesús Canahuati pagaron la campaña en EUA para consolidar el golpe de Estado
Publicado el 8/11/2009 03:37:00 PM, tema Artículos, Golpe de Estado
0 Reply to "Revelan registros del Senado: Jorge Canahuati, Camilo Atala y Jesús Canahuati pagaron la campaña en EUA para consolidar el golpe de Estado"
Honduras, la dictablanda clintoniana
Publicado el 8/19/2009 11:46:00 PM, tema Artículos, Golpe de Estado
Lanny Davis y John Timmons, los lacayos de Ficohsa y La Prensa en Washington
Publicado el 8/09/2009 04:10:00 PM, tema Artículos, Golpe de Estado
Honduras joins Venezuelan pact; Chavez promises oil
TEGUCIGALPA (Reuters) - Honduras, long considered an ally of the United States in Central America, joined on Monday a Latin American pact that has been pushed by Venezuela as a way to contain U.S. influence in the region.
Honduras is a member of a free trade pact between Central America and the United States.
But President Manuel Zelaya, a logging magnate seen as a moderate liberal, has been drifting toward closer ties with Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez, a U.S. foe.
On Monday, Honduras joined the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas, or ALBA, which is based on complementary trade and cooperation instead of free-market competition.
Venezuela has used the pact and its oil wealth to expand its influence in the impoverished region.
"All the energy that they need ... in Honduras is assured for the next 100 years," Chavez told a cheering crowd of about 50,000 people in the Honduran capital.
ALBA also includes Cuba, Bolivia, Nicaragua and Dominica.
Honduras was a cold war ally of the United States and allowed U.S.-backed "Contra" rebels from Nicaragua to operate from its soil in the 1980s. Honduras still hosts U.S. troops at one of its military bases.
Coffee-producing Honduras is one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere.
(Reporting by Anahi Rama and Gustavo Palencia; editing by Todd Eastham)
© Thomson Reuters 2009 All rights reserved
FAILED CRUMBS TO STOP THE MICHELETTI REGIME:
http://es.noticias.yahoo.com/9/20090826/twl-piden-a-obama-que-no-reconozca-ningu-e1e34ad_1.html
Washington, 26 ago (EFE).- El ex embajador de Honduras ante la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA), Carlos Sosa, pidió hoy en una carta abierta al presidente de Estados Unidos, Barack Obama, que no reconozca ni apoye ningún proceso electoral que se lleve a cabo en el país centroamericano bajo el Gobierno de facto.
La misiva fue difundida por la Misión de Honduras ante la OEA y se publicó días antes del inicio de la campaña electoral en Honduras, el próximo 31 de agosto, para los comicios previstos para el 29 de noviembre.
Sosa ya no representa a su país desde que la OEA suspendió la participación de Honduras en el organismo interamericano, el pasado 4 de julio, como respuesta al golpe de Estado del 28 de junio que derrocó y expulsó del país a Manuel Zelaya.
"Esperamos que el Gobierno de EE.UU. no reconozca ni apoye ningún proceso electoral llevado a cabo bajo la tutela de un régimen basado en la fuerza y en casi constante estado de sitio", señaló Sosa.
De acuerdo con el ex embajador de Honduras ante la OEA se trata de un régimen que en sólo dos meses que lleva en el poder ha sido objeto de "preocupantes" informes sobre sus "atropellos" a los derechos humanos.
En su carta, Sosa subrayó que los que defienden a Zelaya y condenan el golpe de Estado no piden ni tolerarían "ninguna intervención directa norteamericana" en Honduras.
"Los hondureños podemos luchar contra el gobierno golpista basados en nuestra Constitución y nuestro legítimo derecho a la insurrección, que ella permite, enuncia y ordena frente a un régimen surgido y sostenido por la fuerza de las armas", señaló.
Esta lucha, agregó, se producirá de manera "pacífica, consecuente con nuestro compromiso con la vida".
"Únicamente pedimos a EE.UU. y a la Administración Obama ser consecuentes con la Carta Democrática Interamericana (de la OEA)".
Por otra parte, pidió a EE.UU. que, "dentro de su propio territorio y sin abandonarlo, aplique las sanciones de acuerdo con su legislación interna directamente contra los golpistas" y no contra el pueblo hondureño y, sobre todo, no contra los pobres, que constituyen la mayoría de la sociedad, rogó Sosa.
En la misiva, Sosa expresó también su esperanza de que el golpe de Estado y la lucha del pueblo hondureño por la restitución de Zelaya "no se inscriba maliciosamente en la política" de Venezuela y de su Gobierno, en los conflictos que pueda tener con su oposición interna, con sus vecinos o con cualquier otro interés o Gobierno.
"Somos amigos de Venezuela desde 1826, lo hemos sido a través de la historia desde esa fecha y aspiramos a continuar siéndolo", dijo.
Sosa recalcó que la Alianza Bolivariana para las Américas (ALBA) "es un instrumento de desarrollo y cooperación con ningún compromiso de carácter militar e ideológico".
Algunos senadores de EE.UU., como el republicano por Carolina del Sur Jim DeMint, quien justifica el golpe de Estado y alude a la influencia del presidente de Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, en ese país.
Según Sosa, Obama "entiende perfectamente que los intereses detrás del golpe en Honduras son los mismos que lo llamaron a él socialista y lo siguen llamando, los que le negaron su nacionalidad estadounidense y dijeron que era musulmán, cosas que no son ciertas como tampoco son ciertas las cosas que afirman sobre Honduras".
"Todos sabemos que estos grupos de interés, contratan a grupos de presión, compran espacios mediáticos e invierten grandes sumas para salirse con la suya. Pero no esta vez, no ahora", concluyó el ex embajador de Honduras ante la OEA.
Widespread and Continuing Abuses Documented by Inter-American Commission
(Washington, DC) - The finding by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights of widespread abuses in Honduras should compel the international community to take firm action, such as targeted sanctions, to resolve the country's ongoing crisis, Human Rights Watch said today.
The commission released a report on August 21, 2009, showing a pattern of serious violations under the de facto government, including excessive use of force, arbitrary detention, sexual violence, and attacks on the media, as well as several confirmed deaths and possible "disappearances." The commission also documented an absence of effective legal protections from abuse.
"Given the ongoing abuses documented by the commission and the lack of effective legal protection, it is urgent that the international community exert concerted and effective pressure to restore democratic government in Honduras," said José Miguel Vivanco, Americas director at Human Rights Watch.
In the aftermath of the June 28 coup d'état, Human Rights Watch and other local and international advocacy groups urged the Organization of American States (OAS) to address serious human rights abuses being committed in Honduras under the de facto government. Given the scope of alleged abuses, and the region's history of bloody coups leading to massive violations, human rights advocates believed the situation warranted the direct intervention of the region's most authoritative human rights investigative body, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
The commission conducted an extensive fact-finding mission from August 17 to 21. It met with representatives of the de facto government and representatives of various sectors of civil society, and received complaints, testimony, and information from more than 100 individuals.
"While the OAS has yet to show results in resolving Honduras's democratic crisis, the commission has demonstrated the crucial role that this regional mechanism can play when a country's rule of law is badly undermined," Vivanco said.
INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION'S FINDINGS
In its preliminary findings, the commission found "a pattern of disproportionate use of public force" by the military and police, which has resulted in the deaths of at least four people, dozens of wounded, and thousands of arbitrary detentions. It also found that the de facto government has abused its emergency powers, using the military to limit freedom of assembly and expression. The commission confirmed that women had suffered sexual violence, and that threats, detentions, and beatings of journalists had created an atmosphere of intimidation among critical media outlets. While the commission reported some serious acts of violence and vandalism by protesters, it noted that the majority of demonstrations were peaceful.
Deaths and Possible ‘Disappearances'
The commission documented four deaths resulting from the use of excessive force under the de facto government. Isis Obed Murillo Mencías died after being shot in the head while participating in a demonstration outside Tegucigalpa's Toncontin Airport on July 5. The body of Pedro Magdiel Muñoz, which bore signs of torture, was found on July 25 in the department of El Paraíso. Witnesses told the commission that Muñoz had participated in a rally in front of military roadblocks that day and had been arrested by the military. Roger Vallejos Soriano, a teacher, was shot in the head during a protest in Comayagüela on July 30. Pedro Pablo Hernández was shot in the head by a soldier at a military roadblock in the valley of Jamastran on August 2, according to testimony collected by the commission.
The commission also reported that, despite four requests for information, the state has been unable to account for two individuals. One was last seen at a protest on July 12, and the other was seized at home on July 26.
Excessive Use of Force
The commission found "a pattern of disproportionate use of public force" by the military and police. More than 100 people verified that a disproportionate use of force was used in repressing demonstrations. The excessive use of force characterized the security forces' suppression of demonstrations in Tegucigalpa, San Pedro Sula, Choloma, Comayagua, and the town of El Paraíso - and resulted in deaths, cases of torture and mistreatment, and hundreds of wounded.
According to the report: "In the various departments to which it traveled, the commission received testimony about individuals wounded by lead bullets or injured by blows with police truncheons and other blunt objects made of rubber, iron, and wood, and about the indiscriminate use of tear gas, as customary methods used to deter demonstrations. The commission received testimony from dozens of people with serious injuries to the head as a result of the repression exercised both by police and military personnel."
Arbitrary Detentions
The commission condemned the widespread use of arbitrary detentions to "silence and obstruct expressions of protest." It concluded that between 3,500 and 4,000 people had been arrested arbitrarily by the military and police during protests, and detained for periods ranging from 45 minutes to 24 hours. Many detainees were subjected to beatings, threats and verbal attacks while in custody.
In many cases, the due process rights of individuals were also violated. Detainees were not informed of the grounds for their arrest, records were not kept of their imprisonment, and neither judicial authorities nor public prosecutors were informed of their cases, the commission found. Furthermore, detainees' right to challenge the grounds for their detention (habeas corpus) was not upheld. In some cases, judges who responded to petitions for habeas corpus were mistreated and threatened at gunpoint. In addition, the commission found that, in many cases, public prosecutors failed to investigate the cases of detainees who had been injured or were being detained.
Sexual Violence
The commission found that "women were especially subject to acts of violence and humiliation because of their gender." The commission heard the testimony about two incidents that reportedly took place in San Pedro Sula, one in which a woman said she had been raped by police officers and another in which a woman said she was stripped from the waist down and beaten with batons.
The commission confirmed that the police and army groped the breasts and genitals of women in detention. And women denounced security officers for forcibly spreading the women's legs and touching their genitals with police batons.
Attacks on the Media
The commission found that attacks on the media have intensified in recent weeks, generating "an atmosphere of intimidation that inhibits the free exercise of freedom of expression." Among other tactics, it reported that the de facto government, military and police had suspended or closed TV channels and radio stations; threatened, detained, and beaten members of the media; and attacked the offices of critical news outlets.
The commission confirmed that at least eight national TV stations, three major radio stations, and several international news channels were interrupted or suspended during the June 28 coup. It collected testimony from 10 journalists who were assaulted by security forces while attempting to cover demonstrations, and five more who said they were detained and beaten by police or the military. It also compiled information about nearly 20 threats against journalists, and five major attacks on the offices of critical media outlets. On August 12, for example, a Channel 36 cameraman, Richard Cazula, was filming a rally in Tegucigalpa when security officers assaulted him, beating him and damaging his camera.
While the attacks predominantly targeted critics of the de facto government, the commission also reported attacks on journalists and outlets that support the coup, such as the newspaper El Heraldo, which was attacked on August 14 by a group of masked men who threw Molotov cocktails at its building.
Abuse of Emergency Powers
The commission expressed concern about the continuing use of the military to control protests and maintain public order. While acknowledging that "under exceptional circumstances the armed forces may be called on to participate in controlling demonstrations," the commission argued that this exercise must be limited in scope because the military lacks training for policing. The report criticized the military's ongoing use of curfews, which are being enforced "without any type of legal foundation" and are being applied in a discriminatory fashion. The commission found that thousands of people have been trapped between military checkpoints, which have been set up with no justification. From July 24 to 27, between 4,000 and 5,000 people were caught between military roadblocks near the border with Nicaragua. Participants told the commission that the military used teargas on them, denied them food and water, and would not give medical attention to the wounded.
Lack of Legal Protection
In addition to documenting widespread abuses, the commission found that the judiciary had failed in its duty to review the actions of the de facto government, in spite of clear violations of Honduran and international law and various appeals (amparos) for legal review. It also found the judiciary had failed to assess the legality of the emergency measures implemented by the de facto government, neglecting its responsibility to act as a check on executive power. In the context of this inaction, and as a result of the judiciary's inadequate response to reported violations, the commission concluded that "the judicial remedies available in Honduras do not currently offer efficient and effective protection against human rights violations in the context of the coup d'état."
The commission also questioned the performance of the public prosecutor's office. It reported receiving "consistent and repeated information confirming that, in many cases, the offices of public prosecutors have not begun official investigations into the existence of groups of people who have been injured and in custody."
(The justice system's credibility as an impartial guarantor of fundamental rights is further undermined by the fact that both the president of the Supreme Court and the attorney general have been outspoken in their support of the coup. Moreover, on August 23 - two days after the commission released its findings - the Supreme Court issued a ruling in which it formally endorsed President Manuel Zelaya's removal from power and the legitimacy of the de facto government.)
Violence and Vandalism by Zelaya Supporters
While the commission found that the majority of demonstrations had been peaceful, it noted there have been exceptional cases in which protesters have committed acts of violence, "some of them serious, against persons and against property." These acts include the burning of a restaurant and an attack on a congressional deputy.
THE NEED FOR CONCERTED INTERNATIONAL PRESSURE
An OAS delegation arrived in Honduras on August 24 to meet with various public and private actors with the goal of promoting the signing of the San Jose Accord, a plan that would return Zelaya to power until elections are held by the end of November. The delegation includes the foreign ministers of Argentina, Canada, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama and the Dominican Republic, as well as by OAS Secretary General José Miguel Insulza.
"If the OAS delegation is unable this week to persuade Honduras's de facto government to allow Zelaya's return to the presidency, the only option left will be for the international community to ratchet up the pressure," said Vivanco. "The US government in particular could play a key role through the use of carefully targeted sanctions."
The United States has condemned the coup and suspended about US$18 million in mostly military and development aid to the de facto government. However, the Obama administration has so far resisted imposing more far-reaching sanctions, citing the detrimental impact they could have on the Honduras's struggling economy.
Human Rights Watch has previously urged the Obama administration to consider using carefully tailored sanctions that would directly target officials in the de facto government without affecting the broader population. These might include cancelling their travel visas, denying them access to the US banking system, and targeting their private sources of income.